First initials are only part of the reference list entries at the end of the paper. Initials: Despite low cigarette smoking rates across the country, lung cancer incidence has increased by 50% in the past decade (Bartlett, T., Mahoney, C., Krishnan, A., & O’Connell, M., 2010).ĪPA asks that writers only include author surnames, both within the sentence and in parenthetical citations. Smart (Walden University, 2010) identified the characteristics of leadership as competence, openness, confidence, and strength. Honorific (Dr., PhD, MA): In the video “Nurse Leaders,” Dr. Sometimes students include honorifics or initials of authors:
According to the speaker in lynda courses apa citation how to#
We include an example of how to format a reference entry for a DVD or a reference entry for an online video on our webpage of common reference examples. In these revisions, the student has identified the speaker (West) within the body of the sentence and properly cited the producer and year in a parenthetical citation at the end of the sentence. OR According to West, educators should use pictures, video, and bright colors in their mathematics lessons (Walden University, 2011). Revision: In a taped interview, West stated that educators should use pictures, video, and bright colors in their mathematics lessons (Walden University, 2011).
The producer of all Walden videos is Walden University.
Because of this, many students cite just the speakers in their papers: In the video, West (2011) said that to appeal to visual learners, educators should use pictures, video, and bright colors in their mathematics lessons.įor DVDs, videos, and movies, however, the citation should be (Producer, Year) rather than the typical (Author, Year). In many Walden courses, videos are part of the content in these videos, guest speakers discuss topics related to the course. You can also review Walden’s policy and the Writing Center’s recommendation regarding citing yourself (using past papers). However, healthcare premiums would increase substantially in order to accommodate the recruiting and relocating costs.Īs you can see, the student has explained Jones’s idea in a new way and used it as a jumpstart for the paper’s argument against recruiting international nurses. Such an action would likely improve nurse-to-patient ratios and patient outcomes (Jones, 2011). nursing shortage, government officials have recommended bringing in trained nurses from Mexico and Canada (Jones, 2011). Additionally, because this is a new paper with a new purpose, the evidence should work toward that new purpose. Each paper is a unique document, showing a student’s progress as a thinker and scholar. That way, she will not be recycling the same phrasing from assignment to assignment. In this case, then, Renee should reparaphrase the material from Jones for this new paper.
The only time you should do this, though, is to cite your own original ideas, not source’s ideas that you have paraphrased. Sometimes students are tempted to cite their own past academic work. OR Jones (as cited in Thompson, 2012) stated that the nursing shortage has led some government officials to propose recruiting nurses from other countries, including Mexico and Canada. Pretend student Renee Thompson has written this: Jones stated that the nursing shortage has led some government officials to propose recruiting nurses from other countries, including Mexico and Canada (Thompson, 2012).
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